9/19/2013

Hydraulic Starting of Emergency Generator

Maintaining continuous power on the ship is one of the most important tasks while sailing. However, sometimes accidents are inevitable and due to some reason such as breakdown of machinery, technical snag etc. there can be a power failure on the ship.
During such conditions, emergency equipment like life boat, navigation lights etc. should be in operating conditions so that they can be used in case of emergencies.  As we all know that a ship is built under class regulations and all the necessary regulation described by SOLAS and IMO have to be followed during the construction of the ship.
In case of blackout there should be an alternate source of power available and which should come on load automatically. Alternate source of power are taken from batteries and emergency generators to provide power to critical equipments. As batteries cannot provide power for a longer period of time, emergency generators are preferred.
Understanding Emergency Power System
As per SOLAS regulation the emergency power equipments should come on load within 45 seconds of the power failure. When the power failure takes place the emergency generator is normally started by a small electric motor which cranks the engine for starting. This motor gets power from the battery which is being charged by emergency switchboard.  Also in case the equipment or emergency generator is unable to start due to any reason, there should be an alternate method or manual starting available in hand. As per Solas regulation the secondary means of starting should be able to provide additional three starts within 30 minutes.
One of the most common methods for starting emergency generator is hydraulic starting. Options other than hydraulic start are:
1) By compressed air.
2) Inertia starters.
3) Hand cranking
Construction and Working Principle
Hydraulic system for starting works on the principle of hydraulic and pneumatic, in which, the energy is first stored and then supplied or released for the starting of the engine.
The main components of this system are:
1) Feed tank and hand pump
The feed tank is provided with hydraulic oil which is pumped by the hand pump to the accumulator which helps in starting the engine.
2) Hydraulic Accumulator
This is the most important component of the system. It is the heart of the system where the energy is stored. It consists of a cylinder in which there is a leak proof sliding piston. Above this piston the cylinder is pre charged with the nitrogen gas to about a pressure of 200 bars. The oil is pressed against this piston and necessary pressure of oil is stored inside the accumulator.
3) Pressure Gauge
This is to check the pressure inside the accumulator.
4) Relay valve lever
The operation of this lever will release the energy stored in the accumulator to the starter unit.
5) Starter unit and engine dog
The starter unit is attached to the free end of the engine with the help of a bracket and the engine dog is attached to the engine crankshaft with the help of a suitable adapter. This starter unit consists of two opposed cylinders with rack and pinion arrangement. The pinion arrangement has teeth on one end which drives the dog having the corresponding teeth. Two helical grooves are formed inside the periphery of the pinion which is engaged by spring loaded balls inside the starter housing which helps in engaging and disengaging by the axial movement. The positive engagement is maintained by the helical tooth-form of the pinion and racks.
How to Operate the Hydraulic Starter?
1) Check whether all the valves for fuel, cooling water etc. are open to the generator.
2) Check the level of the feed tank. Fill it if necessary. Please see that if the level in the gauge glass is low and the pressure in the accumulator is ok as per manufacturer recommendation then do not fill the tank as the oil will return from the starter after starting.
3) Check the pressure in the accumulator. Raise pressure if required. Pressurize the accumulator as per OEM recommendations.
4) Operate the relay valve lever. The relay valve lever operates in two stages. Move the relay valve to an angle of 45 degrees, at this position the resistance is felt. In this stage a small bleed is given to the starter causing a slow rotation, engaging the dog. When the dog gets engaged operate the lever fully. This releases the pressure in the starter and engine starts. Sudden jerk of relay lever is avoided so as to prevent damage to the gears and the clutching arrangement.
5) When the engine starts turning, release the lever and the lever goes back to normal position. The oil used for starting the engines comes back to the feed tank after starting.
6) Check the pressure in the accumulator. It should be enough for two additional starts.
7) Raise the pressure again for the next emergency.
If you liked this article, you may also like Procedure for starting emergency steering system.
Image Credits
Prestolite

liandapower
As a worldwide marine service agent, Ijin Marine Limited provides ship voyage repair, lifesaving inspection, fire-fighting inspection, radio inspection, and underwater hull cleaning, in more than 3000 ports of 100 countries. Below is a list of world's seaports, arranged by oceans and seas. Ijin has attended many jobs in some of them as below. The lifesaving equipment includes life boat, life raft, which is annually inspected accordingly to class requirement. Fire fighting equipment includes fire extinguisher (dry powder, CO2, foam, etc, hand type or wheeled type), firemen outfitting and cylinder, air breathing apparatus, EEBD, etc. Communication inspection includes GMDSS, AIS, SSAS, EPIRB, SVDR, VHF radio, etc. Underwater service includes inspection, hull cleaning, repairing, plugging, etc.
The list of jobs Ijin attending in the past.
M/V Changhang Xianghai, TurbaraoBrazil, Ship Store Supply
M/V Changhang Bohai, KandleIndia, Motor Rewinding
M/V Changhang An Hai, AmsterdamNetherlands Or Holland, Store Supply
M/V CF Diamond, VancouverCanada, Oil Tank Repair For Life Boat
M/V CF Crystol, VancouverCanada, Hatch Cover Repair
M/V LR Lily, KalimantanIndonesia, Bearing Replacement For Crane
M/V Sky Jupiter, Johor BahruMalaysia, Provision And Ship Store Supply
M/V Sky Oceanus, Johor BahruMalaysia, Provision And Ship Store Supply
M/V Msc Sentosa, Johor BahruMalaysia, Provision And Ship Store Supply
M/V Man Hai, JarkataIndonesia, Life Raft Supply
M/V Jian Hua, Point ComfertAmerica, Ship Store Supply
M/V Long Hua, Dong HaeKorea, Spare Part Delivery
M/V Xin Xiang An, KaraikalIndia, Ship Store Supply
M/V Xin Bo Lin 3, MumbaiIndia, Ship Store Supply
M/V Hui Tong 56, BelawanIndonesia, Boiler Repair
M/V Zhe Hai 505, AuklandNew Zealand, Fire Fighting Equipment Inspection
M/V Zhe Hai 505, VitoriaBrazil, Life Raft Inspection
M/V Zhe Hai 505, RotterdamNetherlands, Ship Store Supply
M/V Zhe Hai 505, San LorenzoArgentina, Ship Store Supply
M/V Da Xin Hua Li Shun, UlsanKorea, Fire Fighting, Life Saving And Gmdss Inspection
M/V Ratna Shalini, GdanskPoland, Gas Detector Calibration
M/V Cleantec, Casablanca, Morroco, Ship Store Supply
M/V Chang Hang An Hai, TaichuangTaiwan, Auxiliary Engine Repair
M/V Chang Hang An Hai, Richard BayAustralia, Ship Store Supply
M/V Rich Sino, Junk Bay Anchorage Of Hong Kong, Underwater Hulls Inspection, Pre Purchase.
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Kota Kinabalu, SabahMalaysia
Kuantan PortPahangMalaysia
Kuching PortSarawakMalaysia
Miri PortSarawakMalaysia
Rejang PortSarawakMalaysia
Bintulu PortSarawakMalaysia
Kwai Chung, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
Port of ManilaPhilippines
Muara PortBrunei
Puerto PrincesaPhilippines
Port of ShenzhenGuangdong, People's Republic of China
Subic BayPhilippines
Tuen Mun, Hong Kong People's Republic of China
Van PhongVietnam
Yantian, ShenzhenGuangdong, People's Republic of China
Zamboanga, Philippini
Pearl River / Zhujiang
Port of GuangzhouGuangdong, People's Republic of China
Tasman Sea
Botany Bay (Port Botany), New South WalesAustraliaHobartTasmaniaAustralia
NelsonNew Zealand
NewcastleNew South WalesAustralia
New PlymouthNew Zealand
Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour), New South WalesAustralia
Port KemblaNew South WalesAustralia
Yellow Sea
HaenamSouth Korea
Port of IncheonSouth Korea
Qingdao, People's Republic of China
Rizhao, People's Republic of China
Tianjin, People's Republic of China
Weihai, People's Republic of China

2 comments:

  1. This is a nice post, i am using this generator, got nice information on your post.

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